from the series "Ecological solutions - trends, technologies 2025"
Heat pumps with R290 refrigerant are one of the most important trends of 2025 in the design of modern and ecological heating systems. Why is propane displacing traditional F-gas? And why should you bet on proven devices - like Alezio M R290 and MHTC R290 from De Dietrich?
R290 - the refrigerant of the future for heat pumps
A fundamental paradigm shift in heating buildings is taking place before our eyes. The European Union is aiming to drastically reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and low-carbon technologies - including heat pumps - are at the center of this change. By 2030, the number of installed heat pumps is expected to quadruple in the EU, and in Poland it is already counted in the hundreds of thousands. With the popularization of this solution comes the topic of refrigerants.
Why is propane displacing traditional F-gases?
The refrigerants used so far, such as R410A and R32, are synthetic refrigerants that, while effective, have a high GWP (Global Warming Potential). For this reason, the European Commission plans to restrict their use in new equipment starting in 2027. In this situation, natural propane (R290), with a GWP of just 3, is becoming the technology of first choice.
What are the advantages of R290 refrigerant in heat pumps?
R290 is pure propane - a non-toxic, natural hydrocarbon that does not contain fluorine compounds. It has been used for years in refrigerators and freezers, among other applications, and for the past few seasons it has been increasingly boldly entering heating technology. Its main advantages are:
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very low GWP (only 3)
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high thermal efficiency even at -20°C
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ability to achieve high flow temperatures (up to 75-80°C)
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no need to comply with restrictive F-gas regulations
These features make R290 ideal not only for new developments, but also for retrofitted buildings with radiator systems with high temperature demand.
How do manufacturers ensure the safety of heat pumps with R290?
The only objective disadvantage of propane is its flammability - it is classified as a Class A3 refrigerant. However, modern heat pumps eliminate this risk at the design stage. Key safeguards include:
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sealed refrigeration systems with a limited amount of refrigerant (up to 150 g)
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leak detection and automatic shut-off systems
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natural or forced ventilation
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non-sparking and damage-resistant housings
All the refrigerant is contained in the outdoor unit, outside the utility space. This makes modern heat pumps with R290 as safe as those with synthetic refrigerants.
MHTC R290 heat pump
© De Dietrich
De Dietrich bets on R290 - meet the MHTC R290 pump
De Dietrich, as one of the industry leaders, has set its sights on developing a line of equipment based on R290 refrigerant. The MHTC R290 commercial heat pump is a monobloc air-to-water unit, available in versions from 20 to 30 kW. Designed for multi-family buildings, hotels, schools or industrial facilities, it offers:
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the ability to operate in high-temperature mode (up to 80°C)
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high seasonal efficiency (SCOP up to 5.17 at rated output at +7°C/+35°C )
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option to work in a cascade
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the possibility to create hybrid systems with other heat sources such as liquid fuel boilers, electric boilers and heat substations
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extensive options of integration with BMS
This is a ready-made solution for designers looking for both environmentally friendly and efficient technology.
Alezio M R290 - heat pump for new and retrofitted homes
The second new addition to De Dietrich's range is the Alezio M R290 heat pump, a compact monoblock unit designed for single-family buildings and facilities undergoing thermal upgrades.
Thanks to the use of R290 refrigerant, Alezio M R290 reaches a flow temperature of up to 75°C even in frosts as low as -10°C, which allows it to work effectively with classic radiators. High energy class A+++ (for low-temperature applications), quiet operation and floor cooling function as standard make it a versatile solution for modern homes.
Remote app control, a 5-year warranty and the ability to integrate with a gas boiler as a hybrid system underscore the practicality of investing in the latest device in the De Dietrich portfolio.
Modern heat pumps with R290 - what does the investor and user gain?
The decision to choose a heat pump with R290 refrigerant is not only a nod to ecology and compliance with regulations - it is also a number of practical benefits that both investors and end users will appreciate. First and foremost - energy efficiency. Devices with R290 are distinguished by a very good COP, which results in lower electricity consumption and lower heating bills. Under the conditions of the Polish climate, where the heating season lasts even half a year, these savings are really noticeable.
The second important advantage is independence from F-gas regulations. By investing in a natural factor heat pump, the user avoids the risk that in a few years the unit will have to be replaced or adapted to new regulations. R290 already meets the GWP limits that will come into force after 2027 - its coefficient is only 3, while R410A, for example, is about 2000. This is certainty and peace of mind for years to come.
R290 also means greater flexibility in application. The ability to achieve flow temperatures of up to 75-80°C means that pumps with this refrigerant are ideal for retrofit buildings that use traditional radiators - without the need for expensive replacement of the entire system.
The financial aspect cannot be overlooked either. The high energy efficiency and ecological nature of R290 devices qualify them for various forms of subsidies - such as the "Clean Air" and "My Heat" programs.
Finally, it is worth mentioning the maintenance-free and durable nature of the devices. Modern heat pumps with R290, such as Alezio M R290 and MHTC R290 from De Dietrich, are designed for many years of reliable operation - with no user intervention beyond periodic maintenance. That's convenience and safety that any user can count on - regardless of the scale of the investment.
Installation and service - support at every stage
Choosing a heat pump with R290 from a reputable manufacturer, investors gain not only a modern device, but also comprehensive installation and service support. De Dietrich offers an extensive network of authorized partners, training for installers and access to expert technical assistance. This is especially important with new technologies - confidence that the unit will be correctly sized, installed and serviced is crucial for its effective and trouble-free operation for a long time.
Heat pumps with R290 are an investment for years
R290 is not a fad, but a thoughtful response to the challenges of the future. In light of EU regulations, increased climate awareness and technological advances, the choice of this factor becomes natural. Solutions such as Alezio M R290 and MHTC R290 from De Dietrich show that technology can go hand in hand with ecology, aesthetics and high utility requirements. It sends a clear message to designers, architects and builders: the future starts today - and it has the symbol R290.
For more information, visit the company's DE DIETRICH | BDR THERMEA POLAND Sp. z o.o. page on the PdA portal.
